Directions (1-15): In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.
Agriculture has always been celebrated as the primary sector in India. Thanks to the Green Revolution, India is now ___(1)____(self-addressed for) production. Indian agriculture has been ____(2)___(growing and using technologically) as well. Does that mean everything is looking bright for Indian agriculture? A superficial analysis of the above points would tempt one to say yes, but the ___(3)_____( the study is different). The reality is that Indian farmers have to face extreme poverty and financial crisis, which is _____(4)___(understanding them for) suicides. What are the grave adversities that drive the farmers to commit suicide? At a time when the Indian economy is __(5)____(up for performing ) to take on the world?
Indian agriculture is ___(6)______ (dominantly about the) nature. Irrigation facilities that are currently available, do not cover the entire cultivable land. If the farmers are at the ___(7)_____ (leniency of land) for timely water for their crops, they are at the mercy of the government for ___(8)____(alternating irrigation facility). Any failure of nature directly affects the ___(9)__(destination of farmers). Secondly, Indian agriculture is largely an unorganized sector, there is no ___(10)____(unorganized planning), farmers work on lands of uneconomical sizes, institutional finances are not available and minimum purchase prices of the government do not, in reality, reach the poorest farmer. Added to this, the cost of agricultural inputs have been steadily rising over the years, farmers margins of profits have been ____(11)____(causing the irrigation) rise in inputs is not complemented by an increase in the purchase price of the agricultural produce. Even today, in several parts of the country agriculture, is a seasonal occupation. In many districts, farmers get only one crop per year and for the remaining part of the year, they find it ____(12)_______(feasible to increase livelihood).The farmers normally resort to borrowing from money lenders, in the absence of institutionalized finance. Where institutional finance is available, the ordinary farmer does not have a chance of availing it because of the procedures involved in disbursing the finance. This calls for removing the elaborate formalities for obtaining the loans. The institutional finance, where available is mostly availed by the medium or large land owners, the small farmers do not even have the awareness of the existence of such facilities. The money lender is the only source of finance to the farmers. Should the crops fail, the farmers fall into a debt trap and crop failures piled up over the years give them no other option than ending their lives.Another disturbing trend has been observed where farmers commit suicide or deliberately kill a family member in order to avail relief and benefits announced by the government to support the families of those who have committed suicide so that their families could at least benefit from the Government’s relief programs. What then needs to be done to prevent this sad state of affairs? There cannot be one single solution to end the woes of farmers.Temporary measures ____(13)______(through donation) would not be the solution. The governmental efforts should be _______(14)______(mentioning the measures) of the small farmers wherein the relief is not given on a drought to drought basis, rather they are taught to overcome their difficulties through their own skills and capabilities. Social responsibility also goes a long way to help the farmers. The general public, NGOs, Corporates and other organizations too can play a part in helping farmers by _____(15)_______ (rectifying their fields) and families and helping them to rehabilitate.
Q1.
(a)perfect about
(b)rely to food
(c)self-sufficient in food
(d)dependent to food
(e) no change
S1. Ans.(c)
Sol.Option D and B can be easily eliminated after a rough reading of the paragraph. Option D and B have a negative connotation.Hence are wrong. Between Option A and C, Option C is the correct choice as it gives the meaning that green revolution has made India independent and self-supporting.
Q2.
(a)longing to greenery
(b)making technological advancement
(c)creating marginal
(d)producing grains
(e) no change
S2. Ans.(b)
Sol.Here in this question, Only option B is correct. Other options are grammatically incorrect.
Q3.
(a)reality suggests the same
(b)demand is same
(c)reality is bright
(d)truth is far from it
(e) no change
S3. Ans.(d)
Sol. The hint is given in the passage itself. 'but' before the blank indicates a contradiction, a negative connotation is needed here. Option D is the correct choice.
Q4.
(a)driving them to
(b)bringing them for
(c)drived them to
(d)attracting them in
(e) no change
S4. Ans.(a)
Sol. Choice A is correct. As we read further after the blank, there is a hint,'What are the grave adversities that drive the farmers to commit suicide', it gives us a confirmation about the options.
Q5.
(a)thought of alleviate up
(b)imagined for elevation
(c)supposed to be gearing up
(d)gradually steeping up at
(e) no change
S5. Ans.(c)
Sol. Option C is the correct choice. Using elimination rule through the knowledge of prepositions, Choice C is the apt choice. 'Indian economy is supposed to be gearing up to take on the world'.
Q6.
(a)dominating over the
(b)making up to
(c)looking at
(d)predominantly dependent on
(e) no change
S6. Ans.(d)
Sol. 'predominantly dependent on' is the correct choice. Agriculture depends on nature.
Q7.
(a)profit of crops
(b)mercy of monsoons
(c)help of landlords
(d)need of having facilities
(e) no change
S7. Ans.(b)
Sol. 'mercy of monsoon' fits correctly. Option A, and B can be easily eliminated, as they give irrelevant meaning. Between B and C, Option B is the correct choice. Option D is incorrect because as we read further, there is mention of nature, which gives the confirmation that option B is most appropriate.
Q8.
(a)alternative irrigation facilities
(b)alteration in the facility
(c)irrigation facility alteration
(d)facility to alter
(e)no change
S8. Ans.(a)
Sol. choice An 'alternative irrigation facilities', is the correct choice. Other options are irrelevant in the context of the paragraph.
Q9.
(a)right of the farmers
(b)fortunes of the farmers
(c)decision of the farmers
(d)nature of the farmers
(e)no change
S9. Ans.(b)
Sol. Option B is the correct choice.failure of nature means problems such as delay in monsoon etc affects the fortune of farmers.
Q10.
(a)intellectual cultivation
(b)thoughful cultivation
(c)true approach
(d)systematic planning in cultivation
(e) no change
S10. Ans.(d)
Sol. Option D is the most appropriate option.
Q11.
(a)curtailing as the availability
(b)broadening because the approach
(c)narrowing because the price
(d)resulting in the occupation
(e)no change
S11. Ans.(c)
Sol. Option C is coherent with respect to the theme of the passage. Due to rise in agricultural inputs, investments in agriculture, profit margin of farmers in narrowing.
Q12.
(a)far more easier to love a luxury life
(b)difficult to make both ends meet
(c)annoying to control occupation
(d)convenient to increase output
(e)no change
S12. Ans.(b)
Sol. Option B is the correct choice. To make both ends meet means To earn enough income to provide for basic needs.
Q13.
(a)through monetary relief
(b)through retreating monsoons
(c)through deliberate meditation
(d)through NGOs, irrigation
(e) no change
S13. Ans.(a)
Sol. Option A 'through monetary relief ' is the correct choice.Option B is incorrect because Monsoon is not a temporary measure. It is a necessity. Option C and D are irrelevant.
Q14.
(a)ignoring the need
(b)targeted at improving the entire structure
(c)depending upon the need of
(d)detecting the crisis engraved
(e)no change
S14. Ans.(b)
Sol. The governmental effort should aim at improving the condition of small farmers. Hence, Option B is most appropriate.
Q15.
(a)raising the marginal cost of the inputs
(b)giving them fertilizers at high cost
(c)motivating NGOs
(d)adopting drought affected villages
(e)no change
S15. Ans.(d)
Sol. Option D is the correct choice. Options A and B are incorrect because raising cost input cost will not do any good to farmers, and we need a positive sentence here. Motivating NGOs also is irrelevant.
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